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Murid rodents of the genus  Aethomys  are one of the most common rodents in drier habitats in sub-Saharan Africa. Among them, the red veld rat  Aethomys chrysophilus  is the most widespread species with the core distribution located in the Zambezian bioregion. In this study, we describe phylogeographic structure of the species and estimate its age from a time-calibrated phylogeny of the genus. Seven parapatric clades were identified in the mitochondrial cytochrome  b  phylogeny, where some of the distributions of these clades have been separated by previously described biogeographical divides (Zambezi-Kafue river system, Rukwa Rift and the Eastern Arc Mountains). One internal clade corresponded to populations previously described as a distinct species,  Aethomys ineptus . The whole  A. chrysophilus  complex was estimated to be 1.3 (0.5–2.4) Mya old, with  A. ineptus  originating 0.7 (0.1–1.4) Mya before present. The internal position of  A. ineptus  was also recovered in phylogenetic reconstruction based on two nuclear genes and thus it is not a consequence of mitochondrial introgression. In addition, we analyzed skull form variation across the species’ distributional range and found no significant difference between  A. ineptus  and the rest of  A. chrysophilus  complex.

mammalia

Phylogeography of a widespread sub-Saharan murid rodent  Aethomys chrysophilus : the role of geographic barriers and paleoclimate in the Zambezian bioregion