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The collocation  I feel like  has attracted American media attention for reportedly being newly ubiquitous (Baker 2013, Smith 2015, Worthen 2016). While I have proposed that it is becoming an epistemic marker in North American dialects of English ( Brook 2011 : 65), I have made this prediction of  (it) feels like  as well. The present study artificially restricts the conventional envelope of variation to evaluate what distinguishes these two phrases in vernacular Canadian English.  I feel like  is the more frequent by far, but  (it) feels like  shows a specialization for metaphorical subordinate clauses rather than concrete ones. I interpret this as a case of persistence (Torres Cacoullos and Walker 2009). Before the arrival of the  like  complementizer, the only predecessors to  ’(it) feels like  were  (it) feels as if  and  (it) feels as though , and both  as if  and  as though  have a preference for metaphoricality ( Brook 2014 ).  I feel like  was also preceded by options with ’ as if  and  as though , but counterbalanced with  that  and Ø, which prefer concrete subordinate clauses ( Brook 2014 ). The results attest to the value to be found in (cautiously) conducting a microscopic study of a corner of the envelope of variation.

I feel like and it feels like : Two paths to the emergence of epistemic markers