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In this study, 90 Sr was used as the test radionuclide to characterize the sorption kinetics and effects of initial  90 Sr activity and remaining  90 Sr in solid concentration were simulated for a near-surface repository. The study focused on the sorption characteristics of radionuclides in unsaturated groundwater environment (or vadose zone) is the important information for investigating the near-surface disposal of intermediate and low-level radioactive waste (ILLW). Moreover, the  90 Sr sorption experiments reached equilibrium within 56 h, which fit to the first order sorption kinetic model, and the remaining  90 Sr in mudrock samples showed obvious sorption equilibrium hysteresis, which fit to the second order sorption kinetic model. Before reaching the maximum sorption capacity, the sorption rate constant increases with  90 Sr increasing; the distribution coefficient (K d ) of 56 h decreases with the remaining  90 Sr decreasing. In addition, it showed that the slow sorption process dominated before the sorption reaches equilibrium. In fact, a reliable safety assessment methodology for on-going near-surface repository required a lot of the radionuclides parameters with local environment including the radionuclides sorption/desorption rate constant and maximum sorption capacity.

An application research for near-surface repository of strontium-90 sorption kinetic model on mudrocks