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One of the most important findings in perinatal medicine, has been the diagnosis of fetal lung maturity (FLM), using the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) [9]. This technique is being used since several years ago and is today accepted as the procedure that best relates amniotic fluid phospholipids with the respiratory outcome of the neonate [1, 3, 7,8,10, 12, 13, 18, 19]. This method is specially indicated in cases of high risk pregnancies where complications of gestation make it necessary to know the degree of FLM. For these reasons, the L/S ratio has gained widespread popularity and is being used in the majority of the modern perinatal centers. However the determination of the L/S ratio must be done by specialized technicians and the results cannot be obtained immediately after amniocentesis. On the other hand, the foam test [4], which allows to obtain an immediate result and also does not require specially trained personnel, is a very good screening test although its value is limited due to the high percentage of false negatives reported [2, 3, 19]. Also, the presence of subjective factors that are responsible for a lack of reproductivity of the results has been reported [14], The measurement of the optical density (OD) at 650 nm of amniotic fluid, proposed by SBARRA et al. [15, 16, 17] and later by COPELAND et al. [5, 6], was done in order to avoid the disadvantages of the L/S ratio, with a simple and sensitive method for estimating the FLM, which is readily available in many centers". Based on the fact that turbidity of the amniotic fluid increases with gestational age [11], the mentioned authors correlated the L/S ratio with the OD at 400 nm [15], and later at 650 nm [5,6,

Optical density at 650 nm in amniotic fluid, L/S ratio and foam test as indicators of fetal lung maturity