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In this paper, average channel capacity of optical wireless communication system is evaluated under the combined effect of geometrical loss, attenuation due to weather conditions and weak atmospheric turbulence using a simple closed form expression. Fading induced due to atmospheric turbulence is modeled by log-normal distribution. Considering the fact that the sum of log-normal random variables can be well approximated by another log-normal random variable, the proposed expression has been utilized to compute the channel capacity for spatial diversity reception employing maximum ratio combining and equal gain combining over uncorrelated turbulence-induced fading conditions. It is shown that spatial diversity is an effective technique to mitigate the impairments caused by various atmospheric conditions such as haze, rain and fog. The quantitative improvement in channel capacity achieved by using diversity techniques is investigated and compared. Accuracy of the results is validated with exact results computed using Monte Carlo simulation.

Capacity of Optical Wireless System over Log-Normal Channels with Spatial Diversity in Presence of Atmospheric Losses