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Background  Inflammation is the most common health problem faced in life relating to a vast number of diseases. The present study evaluated the pharmacological effect of three plants ( Vitex thyrsiflora ,  Entandrophragma cylindricum , and  Anonidium mannii ) commonly used in the Cameroon pharmacopeia for the management of inflammatory response.    Methods  The pharmacological effect was characterized by the antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties of the ethanol extracts of the three plants. Antioxidant capacity was determined using total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, hydrogen peroxide, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated  in vitro  by protein denaturation and hypotonic-induced hemolysis methods and  in vivo  by carrageenan paw edema method. Analgesic and antipyretic activities were studied  in vivo  using acetic acid-induced writhing and brewer’s yeast-induced hyperpyrexia models.    Results  All selected extracts showed high phenolic (15.93–64.45 mgCAE/g) and flavonoid (336.03–1053.48 mgCAE/g) contents and high ferric reducing power (288.75–364.91 mgCAE/g). These extracts exhibited good DPPH (IC 50  = 0.30–1.65 μg/mL), ABTS (IC 50  = 0.52–1.90 μg/mL), and H 2 O 2  (IC 50  = 1.40–3.55 μg/mL) radical scavenging activities. All extracts inhibited protein denaturation (6.79–82.27%) and protected the erythrocyte membrane from lysis induced by hypotonic solution (18.90–88.00%). The extracts significantly reduced dose-dependent paw edema (p &lt; 0.05), fever, and abdominal writhing (p &lt; 0.001) especially at 400 mg/kg.    Conclusions  All extracts exhibited interesting antioxidant properties, as well as significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects.

journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology

Pharmacological evidence of  Vitex thyrsiflora ,  Entandrophragma cylindricum , and  Anonidium mannii  used for the management of inflammation in Cameroon