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Efficiency of ozonation process for simultaneous degradation of two antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and oxytetracycline (OTC), at high and low concentrations of them was investigated in artificially contaminated waste activated sludge (WAS). The desorption of the antibiotics, which was provided either by Mg 2+  pretreatment or alkaline addition to the sludge prior to ozonation had a crucial role on their efficient oxidation. Almost complete destruction of OTC spiked at high concentration was achieved by combined application of ozonation with Mg 2+  pretreatment at pH 8, which provided selective desorption of the antibiotics by probable formation of soluble metal antibiotic complexes. Alkaline addition to the WAS in order to elevate the pH to 11.5 resulted in both antibiotic desorption and organic matter solubilization, which exerted a competitive demand for oxidants. This competition was more pronounced at low spiking concentration of the antibiotics. Nevertheless, &gt;95% degradation of CIP spiked at both high and low concentrations was achieved by ozonation at alkaline pH due to substantial desorption of the antibiotic. At acidic pH, the effect of metal solubilization on reactive radical formation during the ozonation process was also demonstrated in this study.

Degradation of Ciprofloxacin and Oxytetracycline Antibiotics in Waste Sewage Sludge by Ozonation