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Improper handling of rocket fuel residues at abandoned military bases has resulted in heavy pollution of the soil and groundwater with aromatic amino compounds. A similar phenomenon is observed with ash dumps in which solid waste from oil shale thermal treatment is disposed: the ash dump leachate is heavily polluted with phenolic and other compounds, resistant to biological treatment. Experimental research of photocatalytical oxidation (PCO) of both classes of substances and polluted waters was undertaken. The influence of different parameters - pH, concentration of substances to be oxidised, character of substances formed during the PCO, presence of inorganic admixtures, effect of OH • -radical generators and scavengers - on the PCO of solutions of phenolic and aromatic amino compounds was determined. The role of OH • -radicals was found to be important in determining both the PCO rate and the character of the oxidation by-products. The PCO of organic pollutants was also investigated using a catalyst immobilised onto the surface of buoyant hollow glass micro-spheres. Attached titanium dioxide showed lower photocatalytical activity than its slurry, although it allows waters to be treated in simple shallow ponds without intensive stirring. The toxicity of aqueous solutions and polluted waters decreased as PCO proceeded and the biodegradability increased. The energy consumed by PCO of phenolic compounds in phenolic wastewater under solar radiation was estimated to be smaller than the energy consumed by oxidation with ozone.

Treatment of Phenolic and Aromatic Amino Compounds in Polluted Waters by Photocatalytical Oxidation