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This article reports the structural properties that influence the electrical and magnetic behaviours of polycrystalline Bi 1− x   Sm   x   FeO 3  ( x  = 0, 0.1) ceramics. The samples are synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction. X-ray diffraction patterns expose two characteristic peaks corresponding to (104) and (110) planes around 31°. Bi 1− x   Sm   x   FeO 3  ( x  = 0, 0.1) samples crystalize primarily in the R3c phase along with the traces of secondary phases. The Rietveld refinement analysis reveals that the tilt angle of Bi 0.9 Sm 0.1 FeO 3  reduces due to the twisting of FeO 6  octahedra compared to pristine BiFeO 3 . The electron density distribution and type of bonding are analyzed using the maximum entropy method. The microstructural analysis reveals that the Bi 0.9 Sm 0.1 FeO 3  sample has a reduced average particle size compared to pristine BiFeO 3 . The influence of samarium ions in the bismuth site deviates the canting angle of the modulated spiral spin arrangement and the charge density distribution of the Bi 0.9 Sm 0.1 FeO 3  sample as a result, the electrical and magnetic behaviours are improved compared with bare BiFeO 3 .

Electron density distribution influencing the electrical and magnetic properties of polycrystalline Bi 0.9 Sm 0.1 FeO 3 ceramics