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Electron beam welding (EBW) with multiple beams is an advantageous technology to weld parts, as it contributes to decreasing welding distortions and improving mechanical properties. EBW with multiple electron beams was applied to welding simultaneously with auxiliary heating, in a rhombus scanning design, and the energy ratio was 1:1 for AF1410 steel welding. The welds of EBW with multiple beams were nail shaped with a width of 2.54 mm, which were more uniform than those of conventional EBW, and the transversal and longitudinal distortions were lower. The microstructures of specimens processed by EBW with multiple beams contained martensite and a small amount of austenite, and the martensite laths were smaller and more homogeneous than those of conventional EBW. The microhardness values were also more uniform than those of conventional EBW specimens. The tensile strengths of the joints were above 1754 MPa, equivalent to those of conventional EBW, and the percentage elongations were above 9.7 %, which were higher than those of conventional EBW. The microstructure homogeneity and refinement of EBW with multiple beams contributed to improving the mechanical performance.

Microstructures and mechanical properties of AF1410 steel processed by vacuum electron beam welding with multiple beams