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Al–TiO 2 –C–La 2 O 3  refiners were synthesized by the in-situ exothermic dispersion method using TiO 2 , C, Al and La 2 O 3  powders as raw materials. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the microstructures of the Al–TiO 2 –C–La 2 O 3  refiners. Commercial pure aluminum was refined by the Al–TiO 2 –C–La 2 O 3  refiners, aimed at investigating refining performance and the resistance to recession. The results show that the Al–TiO 2 – C–La 2 O 3  refiner with 0.2% La 2 O 3  is composed of α-Al, blocky Al 3 Ti, dispersive Al 2 O 3  and TiC, which has a better refining effect on commercial pure aluminum than the Al– TiO 2 –C refiner. The average grain size refined by the above refiner is about 80 μm and it performs better and has a longer refining effect. The grain structure refined by Al–TiO 2 – C–La 2 O 3  becomes finer within 5 min and remains the same after 120 min, while refined by the Al–TiO 2 –C refiner the equivalent times are 10 min and 30 min respectively.

Refining performance and recession of Al–TiO 2 –C–La 2 O 3 refiners