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The effect of Y and Mg on the solidification structure of Fe-36Ni invar alloy melted in a carbon tube furnace was investigated using digital camera, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that Y or Mg addition could remarkablly refine the solidification structure and increase the fraction of equiaxed grains. Great amount of high-melting point compounds (Y 2 O 2 S, MgS and MgS-MgO) formed in the alloy with the addition of Y and Mg respectively. Based on the theory of lattice misfit, the effectiveness of high-melting point compounds as heterogeneous nuclei of  γ -matrix was calculated. The calculation of the lattice misfit between Y 2 O 2 S, MgS and  γ -matrix, which were far less than 12%, showed that Y 2 O 2 S and MgS acted as heterogeneous nuclei were highly effective. However, MgO could not serve as the heterogeneous nuclei because the lattice misfit between it and  γ -matrix exceeded 12%.

Effect of Y and Mg on the Solidification Structure of Fe-36Ni Invar Alloy