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Nature uses the advantages of fusion proteins for multi-step reactions to facilitate the metabolism in cells as the conversion of substrates through intermediates to the final product can take place more rapidly and with less side-product formation. In a similar fashion, also for enzyme cascade reactions, the fusion of biocatalysts involved can be advantageous. In the present study, we investigated fusion of an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), an enoate reductase (ERED) and a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) to enable the synthesis of (chiral) lactones starting from unsaturated alcohols as substrates. The domain order and various linkers were studied to find optimal conditions with respect to expression levels and enzymatic activities. Best results were achieved for the ERED xenobiotic reductase B (XenB) from  Pseudomonas putida  and the cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) from  Acinetobacter  sp., whereas none of the ADHs studied could be fused successfully. This fusion protein together with separately supplied ADH resulted in similar reaction rates in  in vivo  biocatalysis reactions. After 1.5 h we could detect 40% more dihydrocarvone lactone in  in vivo  reactions with the fusion protein and ADH then with the single enzymes.

Fusion proteins of an enoate reductase and a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase facilitate the synthesis of chiral lactones