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It has been proposed that magnesium hydroxide can replace magnesium sulfate as a lower cost cellulose protector. This claim has been evaluated based on four commercial unbleached softwood kraft pulps. The selectivity was improved in the presence of soluble MgSO 4 , but little or no selectivity improvement was obtained when insoluble Mg(OH) 2  was applied. It was further observed that  in-situ  iron concentration in unbleached pulp affects selectivity of oxygen delignification, while  in-situ  calcium concentration affects efficiency of magnesium protection. The results favor the hypothesis of formation of a Mg-carbohydrate complex as the major mechanism of cellulose protection by magnesium. The application of a soluble magnesium compound is recommended to improve selectivity in oxygen delignification.

MgSO 4 vs. Mg(OH) 2 as a cellulose protector in oxygen delignification