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Fibers of four tree species, moso bamboo and wheat straw were modified  in situ  with organo-montmorillonite (OMMT). The characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting composites showed that OMMT can be synthesized  in situ  within the fibers’ matrix. Some individual OMMT layers were clearly observed, while some agglomeration was seen on the fiber surface. After blending with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), redistributions of OMMT in the PLA matrix occurred and most properties of the composites were improved. The modification effect of Chinese fir was the best while that of moso bamboo and straw wheat was rarely poor because of their different chemical components, anatomical structures and densities. In short, a higher lignin content, large diameter of pits and lower density contributed to the improved properties of the wood plastic composites (WPCs) with the participation of OMMT.

Comparison of six WPCs made of organo-montmorillonite-modified fibers of four trees, moso bamboo and wheat straw and poly(lactic acid) (PLA)