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The purpose of the impregnation stage is to ensure that cooking chemicals reach all partsof the chips. However, as alkali comes into contact with wood, reactions take place, whichalter the paths available for ionic transport and dissolve wood components. The aim of thepresent study is to establish the most favorable impregnation conditions, which result inan even alkali concentration profile through the chip at a sufficiently high level withoutextensive yield losses due to peeling. Softwood chips were subjected to differentimpregnation conditions. The progress of impregnation was assessed by analyzing theconcentration of hydroxide ions in the bound liquor inside wood chips and the release ofacetic acid. The extent of undesired reactions was measured as the amount of carbohydratedegradation products formed and amount of wood dissolved. Increased temperature and timelead to more degradation of the carbohydrates during impregnation. At high temperature,the concentration of alkali in the bound liquor was lower due to higher alkali consumptionin degradation reactions. The most favorable process is to perform impregnation at anelevated initial effective alkali (EA) for a short time. This resulted in an increasedalkali concentration in the bound liquor within the chip without extensive carbohydratedegradation.

holzforschung

The balance between alkali diffusion and alkali consuming reactions during           impregnation of softwood. Impregnation for kraft pulping revisited