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Eucalyptus urophylla  hybrids are important raw materials for the forest industry in Brazil, and large quantities of barks are available at mill site that may be used for added-value products. The chemical composition of barks of six commercial hybrids clones of  E. urophylla × E. grandis ,  E. urophylla × E. Camaldulensis , and undisclosed  E. urophylla  hybrids was studied. The hybrids had similar composition, on average (data based on oven dry bark): 16% extractives, mainly corresponding to polar compounds that are soluble in ethanol and water, 19% lignin, 47% polysaccharides, 1% suberin, and 2% ash. The polysaccharides consists mainly of cellulose as indicated by 84% of total neutral monosaccharides in the acid hydrolysate and 10% xylose. The compositions of the lipophilic extracts was determined by GC-MS before and after alkaline hydrolysis. In all the barks, fatty acids, and triterpenes (namely: betulinic and ursolic acids) were the most abundant compounds followed by smaller amounts of sterols, long-chain aliphatic alcohols, phenolic acids, and acylglycerols. The ethanol-water bark extract had a high phenolic content: total phenolics ranged 211–551 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g -1  of extract, tannins 76–184 mg catechin equivalents (CE) g -1  extract, and flavonoids 98–234 mg CE g -1  of extract. The antioxidant activity corresponds to 338 mg Trolox g -1  of extract. Development of high-value products is proposed through an integrated biorefinery approach including valorisation of extractives and targeting for cellulose-based applications.

Chemical characterization of the bark of Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids in view of their valorization in biorefineries