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There are numerous chemotypes of  Cinnamomum osmophloeum  in Taiwan, each of which generates an identical profile of volatile secondary metabolites. Cinnamaldehyde is the major constituent of  C. osmophloeum  and its quantity varies between strains. The cinnamaldehyde-type  C. osmophloeum  contains abundance of cinnamaldehyde, which is an economically important product, which can be gained from the leaf essential oil. Here, the genes involved in cinnamaldehyde biosynthesis have been investigated and four candidate genes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ( CoPAL ), 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase 1 and 4 ( Co4CL1  and  Co4CL4 ), and cinnamoyl-CoA reductase ( CoCCR ), were selected as potential molecular marker typical for the cinnamaldehyde chemotype. Cinnamaldehyde was increased in  Co4CL1 ,  Co4CL4 , and  CoCCR  transgenic plants. The results showed that the cinnamaldehyde and non-cinnamaldehyde chemotypes can be distinguished by a single nucleotide polymorphism in the substrate binding pocket region of Co4CL4, at residue 378 of Co4CL4. This polymorphism could be used as a potential molecular marker for identification of strains of  C. osmophloeum , which belong to high-yield cinnamaldehyde producer type. In addition, this finding might provide a suitable strategy for biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites in the future.

A genetic marker of 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase gene in the cinnamaldehyde-chemotype Cinnamomum osmophloeum