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The resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics remains a big challenge in medicine. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) received attention recently for their characteristic nanosized features and their ability to display antimicrobial activities. This work reports the synthesis of AgNPs using the  Citrus sinensis  peels extract in their aqueous, mild, and less hazardous conditions. The effect of concentration variation (1%, 2%, and 3%) of the plant extracts on the size and shape of the AgNPs was investigated. The antimicrobial activities were tested against gram-positive  Staphylococcus aureus  and gram-negative  Klebsiella pneumoniae . Absorption spectra confirmed the synthesis by the surface Plasmon resonance peaks in the range 400–450 nm for all the AgNPs. FTIR spectra confirmed that  Citrus sinensis  peels extract acted as both reducing and surface passivating agent for the synthesized AgNPs. TEM revealed spherical AgNPs with average size of 12 nm for 3% concentration as compared to the agglomeration at 1% and 2%. All the AgNPs synthesized using  Citrus sinensis  peels extracts (1%, 2%, and 3%) exhibited antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and negative bacteria. These results indicated a simple, fast, and inexpensive synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the  Citrus sinensis  peels extract that has promising antibacterial activity.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Citrus sinensis peels and evaluation of their antibacterial efficacy