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In traveling-wave tubes (TWTs), coaxial couplers or window assemblies are used for coupling milliwatt (mW) to hundreds of watts of average power. For the proper transformation of impedance of interaction structure to the standard connector, coaxial couplers are suitably modeled as multi-section coaxial transformer. Due to high average power propagation, center conductor of coupler gets heated and the dimensions of multi-section coupler get deformed from its cold condition which causes impedance mismatch and increase of thermal load. Due to impedance mismatch, reflection of RF signal occurs from the couplers causing oscillation and finally leads of destruction of the TWT. This paper presents the thermal and structural analysis of coaxial coupler to quantify the temperature distribution at different regions, deformation of cold dimensions and stress due to material property of window disc.

Thermal and Structural Analysis of Co-axial Coupler used in High Power Helix Traveling-Wave Tube