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Acrylic fibers are the major precursor of carbon fibers. In this work, the synergistic effect of polymer concentration and jet stretching on porosity, morphology and mechanical properties of wet-spun poly(acrylonitrile) fibers were studied and then the role of void size was elucidated. The results showed that the effect of jet stretching on fiber porosity is negligible below a threshold polymer concentration. Increasing polymer concentration up to 20 vol. % reduced the total porosity significantly but increased the nanometric void population slightly. On the other hand increasing polymer concentration and jet stretching simultaneously, improved mechanical properties as a result of a remarkable reduction in porosity. In addition, stretching shifted nanovoids distribution strongly toward smaller sizes. This was attributed to the effect of stretching and increasing polymer concentration on reducing the diffusion coefficient. Young's modulus of fibers also increased with decreasing overall porosity. Finally, strength-diameter correlation showed a good agreement with the Griffith's theory.

The synergistic effect of dope concentration and jetdrawing on structure development of wet-spun poly(acrylonitrile)