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In this work, a novel water-managing superabsorbent composite was prepared by graft copolymerization reaction using acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) as the monomers, calcium montmorillonite (Ca-MMT) as an inorganic component and sodium humate (SH) as fertilizer, and well characterized by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of the reaction temperature, neutralization degree of AA, amount of crosslinker, initiator, Ca-MMT and SH on water absorbencies were systematically investigated. The water absorbencies of the superabsorbent composite synthesized under optimal conditions with a Ca-MMT content of 20 wt% and an SH content of 30 wt% are 615 g g -1  and 45 g g -1  in distilled water and in 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. The swelling behaviours of the superabsorbent composite in various cationic salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl 2  and FeCl 3 ) were also investigated and it was found that at the same saline concentration (&gt; 0.1 mmol L -1 ), the effect of three cationic salt solutions on the swelling capability has the following order: NaCl &lt; CaCl 2  &lt; FeCl 3 . Here, it is worthy to point out that the water absorbency and swelling behaviours of the developed composite were improved by introducing simultaneously Ca-MMT and SH into PAA-AM network in comparison with that of incorporated single with Ca-MMT or SH.

e-polymers

Preparation, Characterization and Swelling Behaviours of a Novel Multifunctional Superabsorbent Composite Based on Ca-Montmorillonite and Sodium Humate