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The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a single dose of cephalexin on the pharmacokinetics of metformin in healthy human volunteers. A 2 x 2 double blind randomized crossover study was conducted in 12 healthy human volunteers. Each subject received orally either 500 mg of metformin with a placebo or a combination of 500 mg of metformin and 500 mg of cephalexin. Serum and urine levels of metformin were estimated by a validated HPLC method. The systemic disposition of metformin was altered by the co-administration of cephalexin. Cephalexin increased Cmax and AUC by an average of 34% and 24%, respectively, and reduced renal clearance to 14%. The renal clearance of metformin was reduced in a time-dependent manner in the presence of cephalexin. Hence, it is concluded that cephalexin inhibits the renal tubular secretion of metformin resulting in higher circulating serum concentrations.

Effect of Cephalexin on the Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Healthy Human Volunteers