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The cognitive paradigm of symbols in ancient Chinese philosophy is quite distinct from that of Western semiotic circles. Chuang Tzu, one of the most influential ancient Chinese philosophers, concentrates his study on exploring the state of the subject’s selflessness and establishes his own cognitive paradigm of  jingshen . This paper uses his statements of “I lost myself” and “The Perfect Man uses his mind like a mirror” in  The adjustment of controversies  of  The Chuang Tzu , to investigate the ideal selfless mind-state and selflessness. It attempts to transfer the relationship between subject and object in symbolic cognition into the connection of intersubjectivity to construct  jingshen ’s cognitive paradigm of releasing symbolic meaning. The task of this research is to overcome the limitation created by the subject–object relation and finally to be “the Perfect Man” who can know the  Dao .

Chuang Tzu’s selflessness: mind-state and the cultural semiotics of jingshen