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In the present study, the optimized solvent extraction conditions with regards to the total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of rosemary leaf extract (RLE) were determined. The one-factor-at-a-time method was used to independently investigate the effect of several extraction parameters, including ethanol concentration (0–100% v/v), extraction temperature (50–80°C), extraction period (15–60 min), material–solvent ratio (1:5–1:10 g/mL), and extraction cycles (1, 2, and 3 times) on polyphenol content. Response surface methodology (RSM), in combination with a central composite design, was used to perform optimization. The following optimal conditions that gave maximal TPC were determined and experimentally verified: ethanol concentration of 65% (v/v), extraction temperature of 65°C, material–solvent ratio of 1:7.5 g/mL, extraction time of 15 min, and 2 cycles of extraction. These parameters corresponded with the TPC yield of 87.42 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried feed material (mg GAE/g DW). The optimal conditions gave a high extraction yield (337 ± 6 mg dried extract/g dried feed material) with 197.28 ± 3.11 mg GAE/g dried extract. The estimated models were strongly significant ( p  &lt; 0.05) for TPC values with significant regression coefficients ( R2 ) of 0.9979. The obtained RLE was supposed to be the top grade of natural antioxidant with the IC 50  (DPPH assays) value of 9.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL, which is higher than that of the vitamin C by just three times (IC 50  = 3.2 ± 0.1 μg/mL). Current results justify RLE as a potential agent in food preservation applications.

open chemistry

Optimized extraction of polyphenols from leaves of Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis  L.) grown in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, and evaluation of their antioxidant capacity