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Purpose: Premature osteoporosis is a frequent problem in female athletes. Current concepts suggest that a disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis leads to hypoestrogenism, which then causes amenorrhea and osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanisms have been insufficiently investigated. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and soluble TNF-α receptor antagonist ligand (sRANKL) regulate the balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Their role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in female athletes has not been studied yet.

The assessment of bone metabolism in female elite endurance athletes by biochemical bone markers