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Single nucleotide polymorphisms were examined in the cytochrome 450 3A4 ( CYP3A4 ) and  N -acetyltransferase 2 ( NAT2 ) genes, which code for major mediators of the metabolism of a wide variety of therapeutic drugs, as well as xenobiotics. We determined, in a population from Guinea-Bissau, the frequencies of  CYP3A4  and  NAT2  variants expected to be prevalent among Africans, due to the high frequency previously observed in African Americans. The observed frequencies were 72% for  CYP3A4*1B  and 19.2% for the  NAT2  191 G&gt;A variant. The high frequency found for these potentially function-altering polymorphisms suggests the possibility of impaired metabolism through CYP3A4 and NAT2 in this population. Strikingly, the frequency observed for the  NAT2  191 G&gt;A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), associated with the slow acetylator phenotype, was significantly higher than found in other African populations, suggesting the existence of a west to east gradient across Sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of these variants may be relevant with regard to therapeutic efficacy in African populations for it may potentially affect drug clearance and consequently, increase the incidence of side effects and drug-drug interactions.

CYP3A4*1B and NAT2*14 Alleles in a Native African Population

CYP3A41B and NAT214 Alleles in a Native African Population