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Genetic polymorphisms in the alcohol dehydrogenase genes,  ADH2  and  ADH3 , have been shown to affect individual susceptibility to diseases such as alcoholism and oesophageal cancer. Although several PCR-based methods for genotyping these enzymes have been previously developed, the two-buffer polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system has the ability to rapidly resolve all classes of point mutations within 2–3 hours instead of the conventional overnight separation. The success of this technique is partly attributable to a discontinuous two-phase buffer system and horizontal flatbed gel electrophoresis rather than conventional vertical gels. Using a modification of this system, we were able to detect all of the known polymorphisms within  ADH2  exons 3 and 9 and  ADH3  exon 8, as well as a rare variant within  ADH2  exon 9. This method is rapid, cost-effective, and is ideal for large scale screening programmes.

Genotyping of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Type 2 and 3 Using a Two-Buffer Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis System