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The co-ordinate expression and regulation of the drug metabolising enzymes, cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and glutathione transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1), and their metabolic balance in the cells of target organs may determine whether exposure to carcinogens results in cancer. Besides showing variability in activity due to induction and inhibition, these enzymes also exhibit genetic polymorphism that alter enzyme levels and activity. We determined frequencies of common allelic variants of  CYP1A1  and glutathione ( M1 ,  T1  and  P1)  among Tanzanians, South African Venda and Zimbabweans using PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. The  CYP1A1  Val 462  mutant variant was found at a frequency of 1.3% among 114 subjects. The  GSTM1*0  genotype was found at a frequency of 29% and 33% among Tanzanian psychiatric patients and healthy volunteers, respectively. Similarly, the  GSTT1*0  polymorphism was present with a frequency of 25% in both the psychiatric patients and healthy controls. The frequency of  GSTP1  Val 105  variant was 16%, 12% and 21% among Tanzanians, South African Venda and Zimbabweans, respectively. We conclude here that CYP1A1 Val 462  polymorphism is very rare among Africans. This is the first report of the GSTP1 Val 105  variant frequency in African populations. We show here that there are no differences in frequencies of the variant alleles for CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 in the three African populations.

Genetic Polymorphism of Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and Glutathione Transferases (M1, T1 and P1) among Africans