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The plasma levels of endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 were evaluated in blood of rats in the superior and inferior  vena cava , in normal posture (synchronous controls), and after 12 days head-down suspension and 1 day recovery in normal posture. In synchronous controls, the mean plasma concentration of endothelin-1 in inferior  vena cava  or superior  vena cava  was almost the same (5.89±0.63 pmol/l and 5.67±0.64 pmol/l, respectively), whereas the mean plasma concentration of big endothelin-1 was higher (p&lt;0.05) in superior  vena cava  compared to inferior  vena cava (5.49±0.75 pmol/l and 1.39±0.15 pmol/l, respectively). In samples from superior  vena cava  of head-down suspended rats big endothelin-1 levels were significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) up to day 9 of suspension, compared to non-suspended synchronous controls, whereas endothelin-1 values were higher (p&lt;0.05). Big endothelin-1 concentration was higher (p&lt;0.05) in inferior  vena cava  compared to non-suspended synchronous controls. The behaviour of endothelin-1 was more complex, endothelin-1 levels were lower (p&lt;0.05) on day 1 of head-down suspension and higher (p&lt;0.05) in samples taken on days 9 and 12. After 1 day recovery endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 concentrations returned to normal in both superior  vena cava  and inferior  vena cava . These data indicate that the endothelial system involvement for the two venous beds is different and suggest that local rather than systemic evaluation could better explain endothelial involvement and the contribution of different anatomic sites to the biosynthesis, conversion and clearance of the various involved molecules.

Plasma Endothelin-1 and Big Endothelin-1 Levels in Superior and Inferior Vena Cava during ProtractedAntiorthostatic Hypokinetic/Hypodynamia in Rats