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Radioactivity was measured in the blood of normal and alloxan diabetic rats, after the oral administration of [U-14C]gluconate and [U-14C]glucono-delta-lactone, respectively. Radioactivity was also measured in the intestinal contents and feces 5 h after ingestion of the radioactive materials, It was concluded that the lactone is better absorbed from the intestine than the gluconate anion. According to this enhanced membrane permeation and the higher concentration reached in blood, the space of distribution of the lactone is larger than that of gluconate (50 and 41% of body weight, respectively); a higher retention in tissues and a greater loss in urine was also observed after administration of the lactone. Incorporation into liver glycogen is also higher from the lactone than from gluconate after oral administration, particularly in diabetic animals. The initial deficit in the oxidation of gluconate compared to that of the lactone, caused by a lag period of 7 and 4 h, respectively, is completely compensated during the following 8-9 h. The oxidative turnover of gluconolactone and of gluconate is significantly enhanced in diabetic animals. The better utilization in diabetic metabolism is in part explainable by a rise of glycolytic intermediates in the liver, which are decreased in starvation and diabetes. The limiting step of gluconate metabolism is the initial phosphorylation. Possibilities are discufor the dietetic use of gluconic acid in the form of an apolar derivative (lactone, ester).

Untersuchungen über die Verwertung von D -Gluconat und D -Glucono-δ-lacton im Stoffwechsel der normalen und alloxandiabetischen Ratte