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Four species of marine algae are reported from the Canary Islands for the first time. Our report of the western Atlantic  Gelidiella setacea  (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) is the first from the eastern Atlantic Ocean.  Pseudotetraspora marina  (Tetrasporales, Chlorophyta) previously known on the eastern side of the Atlantic Ocean from temperate saltmarshes only, is now reported growing in the shallow sublittoral zone, the habitat in which tropical western Atlantic populations also occur. The presence of  Lomentaria chylocladiella  (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) represents the first report in the Atlantic Ocean of a species previously thought to be endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. The record of the widely distributed  Acrochaetium hallandicum  (Acrochaetiales, Rhodophyta) was not unexpected. Specimens of  A. hallandicum  have vegetative cells with a single lobate parietal chloroplast with a single pyrenoid, a feature that among acrochaetioid algae occurs exclusively in the genus  Colaconema  (Colaconematales), and consequently the species is transferred to this genus. Fertile sporophytes are described for  Gelidiella setacea , a species previously known only in its vegetative condition. Cruciately to irregularly divided sporangia are regularly arranged in transverse rows in stichidia laterally formed on the axes. The species is transferred to the genus  Parviphycus  on the basis of the morphology of the stichidia and the distichous pattern of apical division exhibited by the axes, both exclusive features of this genus.

New records of benthic marine algae from the Canary Islands (eastern Atlantic Ocean): morphology, taxonomy and distribution