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The structural features of polysaccharides extracted from four New Zealand species of  Lomentaria  were examined. The polysaccharides retain the expected backbone structure of alternating 3-linked and 4-linked galactosyl units, with the 4-linked units containing some 3,6-anhydro-L-anhydrogalactose and galactose in the D- (40%) and L- (60%) configurations. Natural sulfation leads to twelve different units being found. Since none of the levels of 3-linked units matched those of 4-linked units, many units were in at least two different diads, and with such variation it is unlikely that there is a consistently repeating structure as such. An important diad combined 4-linked L-galactose-2,3-disulfate and L-galactose 2,3,6-trisulfate with 3-linked D-galactose-2,6-disulfate, a diad group equivalent to the principal diad in  Champia  polysaccharides with primary hydroxyl groups sulfated. A further important diad is 3-linked D-galactose-2,4-disulfate with 4-linked D-galactose-3-sulfate, a diad group also found in  Hymenocladia sanguinea . Hence these results suggest that  Lomentaria  has an intermediate relationship with respect to  Champia  and  Hymenocladia  within the Rhodymeniales.

The application of 13 C NMR spectroscopy to the red algal polysaccharides of selected New Zealand species of Lomentaria