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A twelve-month field survey of the genus  Pseudo-nitzschia  was carried out in Chinhae Bay, an area of commercial culturing and harvesting of oysters. The study used molecular DNA probes and WGA lectins to determine monthly species abundance and relate this to environmental conditions and nutrients. Ten species of  Pseudo-nitzschia  were identified during the study:  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries ,  P. pungens ,  P. multistriata ,  P. delicatissima ,  P. cuspidata ,  P. subfraudulenta ,  P. granii ,  P. fraudulenta ,  P. subpacifica , and an unidentified  Pseudo- nitzschia  sp. Of the  Pseudo-nitzschia  species,  Pseudo-nitzschia pungens  had the highest cell abundance, followed by  P. delicatissima  and  P. multistriata . The presence of  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  was correlated with domoic acid (DA) contamination of shellfish, for example at Stations (Stn) P2, P3 and P4. Where  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  was recorded, trace levels of DA were detected, but at Stn P1 neither  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  nor DA were detected during the period of this study.  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  is regarded as the most toxic of the DA-producing species known in Korea. Korean isolates of  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  were strongly labeled by WGA lectin and the  Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries  species-specific DNA probe, and were distributed in seawater of lower temperature (≤ 15 °C) and linked with lower nutrient concentrations, although cell numbers were significantly lower than for  Pseudo-nitzschia pungens . The use of the probes puD1, deD1 and frD1 led to the recognition of  Pseudo-nitzschia pungens ,  P. delicatissima  and  P. fraudulenta , respectively. Although  Pseudo-nitzschia  species varied depending on month and sampling site, most were present at higher cell densities in lower temperature waters except for  Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata . It was demonstrated that these methods provide a simple and rapid technique for the identification of a variety of  Pseudo-nitzschia  in Korean waters, and offer the opportunity for a series of real-time species detection in the future.

botanica marina

Monthly Monitoring of Domoic Acid Producer Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (Hasle) Hasle Using Species-Specific DNA Probes and WGA Lectins and Abundance of Pseudo-nitzschia Species (Bacillariophyceae) from Chinhae Bay, Korea