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The lipid and fatty acid compositions of the marine diatom  Chaetoceros salsugineus  were investigated during the life cycle, including the vegetative and resting stages. The relative proportion of the lipid classes and their fatty acid composition varied during the life cycle. The amount of polar lipids, structural components of the cell membranes, increased rapidly in the period of the resting cell formation. Individual lipid classes were found to have a characteristic fatty acid composition. Changes in the proportion of polar lipids contributed to a difference in the total fatty acids. In polar lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, predominantly 16:3(n-4) and 20:5(n-3), composed up to 59% of the total fatty acids, peaking during resting cell formation. The results suggest that in resting cells the structural components of photosynthetic and cellular membranes accumulate, thus ensuring the immediate growth and development of cells upon the return of favourable environmental conditions.

Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition during Vegetative and Resting Stages of the Marine Diatom Chaetoceros salsugineus