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The brown algal genus  Acinetospora  is characterised by sparsely branched uniseriate filaments, scattered meristematic zones, short laterals (“crampons”) and scattered reproductive organs. The morphology and life history of the generitype  A. crinita  have been studied repeatedly, and accounts of the species’ highly varied reproductive patterns were assumed to be due to the presence of multiple taxa that were reported under this name. Herein, we attempt to contribute to the taxonomy of the genus by conducting morphological and culture studies on 33  Acinetospora  samples collected from Japan. We recognised two  Acinetospora  species and propose to name them  A. filamentosa  comb. nov. and  A. asiatica  sp. nov. These two species are distinguished from  A. crinita  by the absence of monosporangia and plurilocular acinetosporangia/megasporangia.  Acinetospora filamentosa  and  A. asiatica  have similar vegetative morphologies but possess different reproductive patterns. The former forms unilocular sporangia on erect filaments and both unilocular sporangia and plurilocular zoidangia on prostrate filaments, while the latter forms plurilocular zoidangia only on both erect and prostrate filaments. Molecular analyses based on  rbc L and  cox 1 genes supported independence of these species.

Two species of the genus Acinetospora (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) from Japan: A. filamentosa comb. nov. and A. asiatica sp. nov.