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Leishmaniasis is a disease with a worldwide distribution affecting both humans and animals. There is a need to identify and develop new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. This study showed that crude ethanolic extracts of the red alga  Asparagopsis taxiformis  have a powerful effect against L. infantum, the prevalent species of the genus  Leishmania  in the Mediterranean basin.  L. infantum  demonstrated decreased vitality with increasing concentration of the algal extracts. At a concentration of 40 μg/mL, the extracts achieved 100% mortality of the parasite and the LD 50  value was 25 μg/mL for promastigotes and 9 μg/mL for amastigotes. Algal extracts caused morphological alterations and apoptosis in  Leishmania  cells. The potential cytotoxic action of crude extracts was investigated by a MTT viability assay on DH82 and Vero cell lines but there was no cytotoxic effect. The potential of red alga  A. taxiformis  metabolites as anti-leishmanial agents merits further pharmacological investigation.

Effectiveness of red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis extracts against Leishmania infantum