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Jetzt  ›now‹ and  bald  ›soon‹ are frequently used in German to express temporal references with present and future readings, respectively. However, it is not unusual to find them combined with the  Perfekt  and  Präteritum , which are commonly described in the literature as past tenses. Although such use of temporal deixis in Modern German is well studied, there is still little research on this topic from a historical perspective. In this paper, I attempt to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the use of the adverb  nu  ›now‹, ›then‹ in Old Saxon and Old High German. Textual analyses of these works reveal that the ›Hêliand‹ and the ›Evangelienbuch‹ exhibit a use of the adverb  nu  similar to the use of  jetzt  and  bald  in Modern German, since it was found in combination not only with the  Präsens , but also with the  Präteritum , and with what can be recognized as the prototype of the modern  Perfekt . The analyses also show that, although  nu  was often used as a pragmatic marker to highlight particular passages or convey the author’s attitude in relation to a specific event, it also retained its temporal meaning, especially when combined with the past tenses, establishing the chronological sequence of the narration.

Temporal Deixis in Old Saxon and Old High German: The Adverb nu in the ›Hêliand‹ and Otfrid’s ›Evangelienbuch‹