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A protein with an N-terminal sequence displaying similarities to N-terminal sequences of human calcyon and barley endo-1,4-glucanase, and to C-terminal sequences of human translation initiation factor 4γ and yeast superkiller viralicidic activity, was isolated from the broad bean Vicia faba. The protein, termed fabin, has a molecular mass of 34 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Antifungal activity of the protein was observed against several fungal species including Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Mycosphaerella arachidicola. Fabin inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC50 of 34 M and translation in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate with an IC50 of 2.4 M. At a concentration of about 1.5 M fabin is able to elicit a 9-fold increase in the mitogenic response of murine splenocytes.

Fabin, a Novel Calcyon-Like and Glucanase-Like Protein with Mitogenic, Antifungal and Translation-Inhibitory Activities from Broad Beans