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Toxoplasma gondii  is an obligate intracellular parasite with worldwide distribution. Virulence of  T .  gondii  is a multigenic trait. Genetic and virulence data for  T .  gondii  isolates from humans and animals in China have been reported. However, almost all biological materials used for genotyping of  T .  gondii  from humans and pigs were DNA samples prepared from tissues, and  T. gondii  strains used for virulence analysis were isolated mainly from cats. In this study, one isolate from a dead human fetus was identified as type I (ToxoDB #10) while the two isolates from dead pigs were type Chinese I (ToxoDB #9) with PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism using 10 markers ( SAG1 ,  SAG2 ,  SAG3 ,  BTUB ,  GRA6 ,  c22 – 8 ,  c29 – 2 ,  L358 ,  PK1  and Apico). Three isolates were comfirmed as virulent strains in mice. By cloning and sequences analysis, all isolates contained a  Pvu  II restriction site (572–577 bp) in the KHB fragment and five tandem repeats in the 5′ UTR region of  SAG1 , which were associated with  T .  gondii  virulence. The type Chinese I isolates contained two deletions of 15 and 3 bp at positions 635 to 649 and 658 to 660 in the  GRA6 , which were correlated with genotype, but not with virulence. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the systematic analysis of murine virulence of type Chinese I strain from pigs, and the associations of sequences of the KHB fragment and  SAG1  with virulence of type Chinese I strain. The Chinese I genotype was more closely related to type II strains.

Genotyping and virulence analysis of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from a dead human fetus and dead pigs in Jiangsu province, Eastern China