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Chinese  Leishmania  isolate MHOM/CN/90/SC10H2 ( L . H2), which was obtained from the spinal cords of patients from the Sichuan province of China, is an uncharacterized, pathogenic species closely related to  Leishmania tarentolae . The  in vitro  transformation rate of  L . H2 promastigotes into amastigotes has not been studied. This study is the first to successfully define the  in vitro  life cycle of  L . H2 by investigating the percent conversion of  L .H2 promastigotes to amastigotes  in vitro  under 216 different culture conditions. The highest proportion of  L . H2 amastigotes observed (94%) was significantly higher than that previously reported. After conversion, the axenic amastigotes remained viable as verified by the levels of stage-specific genes (Gp46, A2 and β-tubulin) detected by RT-PCR. Meanwhile, morphological and protein characterizations of these axenic amastigotes were carried out in order to confirm the successful conversion. Specific antibodies were only able to detect 46 kDa, 52 kDa and 75 kDa proteins in samples isolated from axenic amastigotes. Afterward, these converted axenic amastigotes were transformed into the promastigote form by altering the culture condition. These converted axenic promastigotes still have the ability to infect macrophages, and their morphology changed back to the amastigote form following infection. These findings will assist further investigations into the biological characteristics of the host-parasite relationship and the process of pathogenesis.

acta parasitologica

The first successful report of the  in vitro  life cycle of Chinese  Leishmania : the  in vitro  conversion of  Leishmania  amastigotes has been raised to 94% by testing 216 culture medium compound