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In Central Europe the wild boar population is permanently growing and consequently Cf foodborne infections. In this study serological and molecular detection of  Toxoplasma gondii  and  Neospora caninum  in wild boars was evaluated. Moreover, same samples were screened for the presence and genetic variability of tick-borne bacterium  Anaplasma phagocytophilum . Blood samples collected from 113 wild boars from Southern Slovakia were examined for antibodies to  T. gondii  by indirect and to  N. caninum  by competitive ELISA. The presence of parasitic DNA in blood samples was determined by standard or real time PCR techniques. Antibodies against  T. gondii  and  N. caninum  were detected in 45 (39.8%) and 38 (33.6%) animals, respectively. Females were more frequently infected for both pathogens than males. The high seropositivity against both coccidia indicates a permanent occurrence of these pathogens in the studied locality.  T. gondii  DNA was confirmed in five seropositive boars (4.4%) and  N. caninum  in 23 blood samples (20.4%). Three out of 23  N. caninum  PCR positive animals did not show seropositivity. Three out of 113 blood samples of wild boars were positive for  A. phagocytophilum  (2.7%). The obtained  A. phagocytophilum  sequences were 100% identical with GenBank TM  isolates from Slovak dog (KC985242); German horse (JF893938) or wild boar (EF143810) and red deer (EF143808) from Poland. Coinfections of  T. gondii  with  N. caninum  and  N. caninum  with  A. phagocytophilum  were detected in single cases. Results suggest a potential zoonotic risk of toxoplasmosis transmission to humans and the spread of neosporosis to farm animals.

Wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) – reservoir host of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Slovakia