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Successful induction of autotetraploidy has been achieved in five plants of B. fruticulosa Cyr. subsp. fruticulosa (2n=16, FF), a wild relative of cultivated brassicas. The diploid seedlings of B. fruticulosa were treated with different concentrations of aqueous colchicine using the cotton-swab method for 8–15 h for 2 to 3 d. The highest percentage of success was recorded when the seedlings were treated with 0.2% aqueous colchicine for 12 h within 2 d. The synthesized plants showed remarkable enhancement in several morphological and floral characters making them more robust. Cytologically, among all the associations, bivalent chromosome associations were observed more frequently (7.20 to 8.76 per cell) in various plants. However, quadrivalent frequency ranging from 2.28 to 3.14 and univalent frequency ranging from 3.44 to 4.09 per cell were characteristic of the colchicine-induced tetraploids. The number of chiasmata ranged from 15 to 36 with an average number of 21.28 and 23.60 and their terminalisation coefficient ranged between 0.73 and 0.86. The anaphase I and II disjunction of bivalents/chromosomes was leading more or less regularly and equally to the formation of seeds from the synthesized plants. Significant enhancement in morphological traits as revealed in colchicine-induced plants and normal meiotic behaviour leading to a good seed set may ultimately result in providing the plant breeder with more variability. The synthesized autotetraploids will have great opportunities to be utilized in hybridization with Brassica juncea and related species for introgression of desirable traits, especially tolerance for mustard aphid.

cytologia

Cytogenetical Investigations in Colchicine-Induced Tetraploids of &lt;i&gt;Brassica fruticulosa&lt;/i&gt;: An Important Wild Relative of Cultivated Brassicas