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Two F1 hybrids namely TIA and PARROT and an open pollinated cultivar viz. TAJ-88 of Momordica charantia L. (bitter gourd) were cytogenetically investigated. The 3 cultivars were found to possess 2n 22 metacentric chromosomes. However, a plant specimen of cultivar TIA had 2n 44 chromosomes. The extreme symmetric karyotypes revealed these cultivars as primitive. Three CMA positive bands were found in TIA and PARROT whereas 4 were found in TAJ-88. On the other hand, a plant specimen of TIA had 6 CMA positive bands. The distribution, location and intensity of CMA positive bands were different among the 3 cultivars. A number of DAPI positive bands were found in TIA and PARROT. It was possible to identify some marker chromosomes with CMA and DAPI staining specific to each cultivar. Fluorescent banding indicated the occurrence of minute deletion and paracentric inversion in the genomes of these cultivars. The overall karyotypic features revealed that a plant specimen of cultivar TIA was actually an auto-tetraploid. With the help of fluorescent banding, the karyotype diversity among these 3 cultivars was determined.

Karyotype Diversity in Three Cultivars of Momordica charantia L.