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Comprehensive analyses of the effects of low doses of ultraviolet or X-rays on the retardation of mitosis by Carlson1 and Carlson and Hollaender revealed that the nuclei in grasshopper neuroblasts are most susceptible to irradiation from interphase through late prophase, during periods, presumably, of intensive synthesis of desoxyribonucleotides. Maximal susceptibility to X-rays occurs at late prophase while greatest sensitivity to ultraviolet occurs at early prophase. Since both ultraviolet and X-rays block formation of desoxyribonucleotides at dosage levels insufficient to affect protein synthesis,3,4 the findings of Carlson and Hollaender suggest (1) that some disturbance of the mechanism of chromatin formation underlies the depression of mitotic activity effected by radiation and (2) that ultraviolet and X-rays act upon different phases of chromatin formation. The differential effects of ultraviolet and X-irradiation on the centro chromatin of Saccharomyces were studied using a tetraploid culture of known resistance to ultraviolet and X-irradiation.5,6 The genetics and cytology of this organism have also been described.7 A single twenty-four hour culture was held at 4•Ž to provide inocula during the experiments. Samples were

The Effects of Ultraviolet and X-Radiation Upon the Centrochromatin of Saccharomyces