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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is the primary regulator of thyroid growth and function acting via cyclic AMP signaling cascades.  In cultured thyrocytes, insulin and/or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are required for mediating thyrocyte proliferation in concert with TSH.  To determine the role of insulin signaling in thyroid, growth in vivo, mice with thyrocyte-selective ablation of the insulin receptor (IR) were generated by crossing mice homozygous for a floxed IR allele with transgenic mice in which thyrocyte-specific expression of Cre recombinase was driven by the human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene promoter.  Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis confirmed near complete loss of IR expression in the thyroid of thyrocyte IR knockout mice.  These mice are viable and have no obvious thyroid dysfunction and macro- and microscopic thyroid morphology was normal.  Thus, insulin signaling in thyrocytes does not play an essential role in the architecture and function of the thyroid in vivo.

Conditional deletion of insulin receptor in thyrocytes does not affect thyroid structure and function