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There is accumulating evidence that interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels are increased locally at the site of active bone resorption in a variety of diseases including osteoporosis, periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the pathogenic role of IL-1 in bone loss remains to be fully elucidated. We present here additional evidence that IL-1beta enhances endothelial activation and thereby stimulates mobilization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from luminal to abluminal spaces across the endothelium. Furthermore, IL-1beta stimulates the differentiation of PBMCs into osteoclast-like cells with bone-resorbing activity in the presence of human osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells without systemic hormones. These findings provide circumstantial evidence for the hypothesis that IL-1beta generated in the bone microenviroment plays a stimulatory role in PBMC mobilization from the peripheral circulation and their subsequent differentiation into osteoclast-like cells in the bone tissue. In addition, the present study supports the notion that osteoclast progenitor cells might be derived from the peripheral circulating blood mononuclear cells in human.

endocrine journal

Interleukin-1.BETA. Stimulates Transendothelial Mobilization of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with a Potential to Differentiate into Osteoclasts in the Presence of Osteoblasts.