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The present work studies the convection heat transfer by forced convection through a triangular arrangement for three cylinders considering a laminar, two dimensional, incompressible and unsteady flow. Regarding to the numerical solution for the main equations, the solution is ran by using a computational code based on the FVM (Finite Volume Method). The Constructal Design method is applied to optimize the geometry arranged for the three cylinders. Simulations were run for flows with Reynolds and Prandtl numbers of 100 and 0.71, respectively. The optimization considers which ratio S T /D (transversal step over diameter) and S L /D (longitudinal step over diameter) minimize the drag coefficient and maximize the heat transfer rate (from Nusselt number) between the cylinders and the surrounding cross flow. Results showed that the fluid dynamics and thermal behavior were heavily influenced by the ratios S T /D and S L /D . The minimum drag coefficient ( Cd ) was found for the configuration S L /D = 5.0 and S T /D = 1.5, while the maximum Nusselt number ( NuD ) lies over the S L /D = 1.5 and S T /D = 5.5 ratios. However, the best arrangements considering the multi-objective function (drag and heat transfer) were achieved into an optimal region and not for a specific configuration. Among the analyzed cases, can be highlighted the S L /D = 5.0 - S T /D = 2.0; and S L /D = 5.0 - S T /D = 2.5 configurations. The first two values presented benefits for the fluid dynamic problem and the last ones showed a slight advantage for the thermal process.

Estudo numérico de um arranjo triangular de cilindros submetidos a escoamento laminar com convecção forçada