English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

From the beginning of the sixteenth century, Ottoman and Spanish Empires came up against each other in the Mediterranean. Spain wanted to get access to Sudanese gold via the bases it established in the North African coast, and by gaining sovereignty over the Mediterranean to control the East-West trade and wheat supply which is vital for her. The westward progress of Ottoman State in the Mediterranean and conquest of Egypt brought the encounter of the two parties. Thus, a century long rivalry began. The rivalry not only continued at military area but also at political and economic arena. Both parties banned trade with the rivals. However, the trade between the two worlds preserved its continuity thanks to the intermediary states. Through Venice, French, British, Dutch, Geneva, under Toscana flag, via the European harbors like Marseilles, Livorno and Genoa the trade between the parties persisted. While these European ports were delivering the products demanded by Spain and supplied by Ottomans to the peninsula, they were also accomplishing the heading of American silver to these regions.

dergipark (istanbul university)

XVI. YÜZYILDA OSMANLI-İSPANYA İKTİSADÎ İLİŞKİLERİ: AKDENİZ’DE REKABET - OTTOMAN-SPANISH ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY: RIVALRY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN