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Is the refusal to sell a football ticket to a certain person lawful? Is it possible to use the so-called “black lists” that are conducted by football clubs in relation to offenders at a sporting competition, regardless of whether the supporter was brought to administrative responsibility under Art. 20.31 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses (hereinafter referred to as the Code of Administrative Offenses) or not? The urgency of this issue is caused, among other things, by the latest initiatives of Russian football clubs. There was news that FC Krasnodar had limited access to home games for six supporters due to a fight.1 However, the unified and legalised way of regulating this issue at the level of the Russian Football Union (hereinafter referred to as RFU) or the Russian Premier League (hereinafter referred to as RPL) is not currently represented. Therefore, we are analysing the possibility of applying these measures to persons who violate the Rules of Conduct for spectators during football matches 2 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules of Conduct) by a football club, given that there are a number of problems with the identification of supporters, as well as with access to spectators` personal data. In addition, an important aspect when considering this issue is the legitimacy of establishing the proposed restrictions with respect to civil law, since the sale of football tickets services contract Art. 779 Civil Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code), which has a public nature (Art. 426 Civil Code). Thus, according to Art. 779 Civil Code, the contractor undertakes to provide the service, and the customer , to pay for it. The subject matter of the contract when buying football tickets is a direct opportunity to watch a football match from the places specified

Spectators` “BlackLists” and Recovery of Damages by Football Clubs from Spectators for the Violation of the Rules of Conduct: A Russian Experience